To understand what microservice architecture is or why the industry is shifting towards it, let's first understand what monolithic architecture is.
Monolithic architecture.
Monolithic architecture is the conventional way of building any app. It means creating an application as a single unit containing everything on a single codebase, eg: payment, checkout, and sign-in. so in simple, the whole frontend, backend, database everything is put in a single codebase.
Benefits of Monolithic architecture.
It's very convenient to develop a monolithic architecture because everything is designed in a single language and framework.
It's cost-effective as it doesn't need a big team to build a monolithic architecture a small team of developers can make an app.
The testing of monolithic applications is usually easy and simple you just have to perform a simple launch of the whole application.
so let's move to Microservice.
Microservice architecture is building an application in different parts which means every service is broken into different parts eg: the frontend, backend, and the database, and all other services are made separately using different languages and frameworks with different deployments they are interconnected with each other protocols like HTTP, AMQP, and binary protocols.
Microservice is the small components of service that are done in a complex system. Big companies like Amazon, Netflix, eBay, and Uber use the microservice architecture. The microservices concept allows working on different services independently without impacting the work on other components. Companies that are expanding can grow their applications as their workload and requirements increase. Microservices basically solve every challenge of monolithic architecture.
Benefits of Microservice.
It is easy to scale the application and manage it
Microservice allows parallel development and deployment of different components of an application.
Services in microservice are independent so if one component fails doesn't mean it will affect others.
Microservices are easier to maintain as every component is isolated so it's also easier to find bugs and maintain security.
Components in microservice.
API Gateway
Load balancer
Data storage
Message broker
Who should use Monolithic or Microservice architecture?
Monolithic architecture is more suitable for smaller applications having low components.
Microservice architecture is suitable for big applications, complex structures, and heavy traffic should use microservice.